{"id":148,"date":"2011-02-13T16:01:36","date_gmt":"2011-02-13T16:01:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/non-nova-sed-nove\/"},"modified":"2017-08-30T00:13:45","modified_gmt":"2017-08-29T21:13:45","slug":"non-nova-sed-nove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/non-nova-sed-nove\/","title":{"rendered":"Non nova, sed nove"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dimensiunile migra\u0163iei interna\u0163ionale din perioada postdecembrist\u0103 reprezint\u0103 ceva nou pentru rom\u00e2ni. De obicei, popula\u0163ia se refugia \u00een nordul sau sudul Carpa\u0163ilor \u00een func\u0163ie de direc\u0163ia de unde venea pericolul, fie c\u0103 vorbim de \u201edesc\u0103lecarea\u201d lui Bogdan \u00een Moldova la mijlocul sec. al XIV-lea, fie de refugierea din Transilvania \u00een \u0162ara Rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 a rom\u00e2nilor din motive religioase din sec. al XVII-lea. \u00cen prezent \u00eens\u0103, combina\u0163ia dintre lipsa perspectivelor din \u0163ar\u0103 \u015fi aspira\u0163iile c\u0103tre un nivel de trai mai bun a condus la un fenomen cu implica\u0163ii pe care nu le \u00eentrevede nimeni. \u00cen imaginea de mai jos este surprins un aspect al migra\u0163iei externe: o familie de rom\u00e2ni caut\u0103 gazd\u0103 (affittare\u00a0<\/em>\u00eenseamn\u0103 \u00een limba italian\u0103 a oferi gazduire, a \u00eenchiria) \u00een ora\u015ful italian Bologna.<\/p>\n

Cifrele arat\u0103 c\u0103 popula\u0163ia activ\u0103 cu v\u00e2rste \u00eentre 18 \u015fi 40 de ani, reprezent\u00e2nd 36% din popula\u0163ia total\u0103 a Rom\u00e2niei, a emigrat \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate \u00een propor\u0163ie de 55% dup\u0103 1991.\u00a0 Vasile Ghe\u0163\u0103u vorbe\u015fte despre\u00a0declin demografic<\/a>, fenomen care se manifest\u0103 inclusiv prin schimbarea raportului dintre persoanele adulte \u015fi cele v\u00e2rstnice. Cum problemele generate de presiunea \u015fomerilor s-au redus iar popula\u0163ia rural\u0103 nu are o prezen\u0163\u0103 seminificativ\u0103 \u00een mass media, s-a creat reflexul de a depl\u00e2nge pensionarii. De la modelul patriarhal \u015fi rolul de a p\u0103stra r\u00e2ndul la coad\u0103 \u00een perioada comunist\u0103, la familiile mononucleare \u015fi sistemele de pensii nesustenabile din prezent, am \u00eenceput s\u0103 cre\u0103m iluzii. Ne-o arat\u0103 Marian Preda \u00een cele\u00a0cinci mituri privind pensiile \u015fi pensionarii din Rom\u00e2nia<\/a>\u00a0\u015fi acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 ne preocup\u0103 trecutul \u015fi nu explorarea op\u0163iunilor. Ne intereseaz\u0103 doar c\u0103 emigran\u0163ii au l\u0103sat copiii singuri acas\u0103 \u015fi c\u0103 voteaz\u0103 \u00eentr-un anumit fel pentru c\u0103 nu avem capacitatea de a elabora proiecte pe termen lung.<\/p>\n

\u00cencepem s\u0103 \u00een\u0163elegem \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 nu au plecat doar ho\u0163ii \u015fi copiii inteligen\u0163i, iar\u00a0Dumitru Sandu<\/a>\u00a0vorbe\u015fte despre lumi sociale ale migra\u0163iei rom\u00e2ne\u015fti \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate. \u00centoarcerea \u00een \u0163ar\u0103 a rom\u00e2nilor pleca\u0163i \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate pe fondul crizei economice nu s-a produs, iar ie\u015firea din aceast\u0103 criz\u0103 va crea o cerere de for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103 mai mare \u00een contextul \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirii demografice din statele europene dezvoltate. Migra\u0163ia de o asemenea amploare duce \u00een \u0163\u0103rile de destina\u0163ie la construirea unor imagini specifice: italienii sunt mafio\u0163i, dar, impun un rafinament culinar \u015fi un model familial de cooperare, irlandezii sunt be\u0163ivi, dar, au sim\u0163ul drept\u0103\u0163ii. Deocamdat\u0103 este devreme s\u0103 spunem ce profil vor avea comunit\u0103\u0163ile rom\u00e2ne\u015fti din str\u0103in\u0103tate. Printre analizele care \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 surprind\u0103 fa\u0163ete ale acestui profil sunt cele lingvistice. Vorbind despre identificarea etnic\u0103, Dan Munteanu Colan utilizeaz\u0103 termenul\u00a0rumaniol<\/a>, care descrie o combina\u0163ie de spaniol\u0103 \u015fi rom\u00e2n\u0103. Tot el red\u0103 \u015fi un dialog exemplificator:<\/p>\n

\u201e-\u00a0Bun\u0103 ziua, cum sunte\u0163i?<\/em>
\n– Bun\u0103 ziua. Bine, mul\u0163umesc. M\u0103 duc la un notar s\u0103 \u00eei dau\u00a0<\/em>o putere\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>lui frate-meu, la Timi\u015foara.\u00a0<\/em>M-a hodit\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u015feful, mi-a zis c\u0103 s\u0103-i aduc diploma \u015fi vreau\u00a0s<\/strong><\/em>\u0103<\/strong>-mi echiparez\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>titlul.<\/em>
\n– Eu\u00a0<\/em>m-am schimbat de serviciu<\/em><\/strong>, de o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u015fi acum lucrez \u00een\u00a0<\/em>turnul\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>de noapte. Acum sunt liber, nu ave\u0163i timp s\u0103 mergem s\u0103 bem\u00a0<\/em>o copa<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0<\/em>s\u0103 pic\u0103m<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0ceva?\u00a0<\/em>Camin\u0103m<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0un pic \u015fi mai st\u0103m de vorb\u0103.<\/em>
\n– Ba da, c<\/em>u mult gust<\/em><\/strong>!<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 adopt\u0103m distinc\u0163ia extern-intern a lui Marcel Cohen \u00een privin\u0163a evolu\u0163iilor limbajului, cred c\u0103 editorii dic\u0163ionarelor limbii rom\u00e2ne vor fi foarte ocupa\u0163i s\u0103 noteze data \u015fi locul \u00een care apar \u00eemprumuturile lexicale. S\u0103 nu acord\u0103m totu\u015fi tot creditul migran\u0163ilor, \u00een frumoasa patrie \u201eperversa de pe Targu-Ocna<\/em>\u201d face carier\u0103 \u015fi are emisiune la televizor, iar \u201cdoar o vorb\u0103 s\u0103\u0163-i mai spun<\/a>\u201d nu mai este\u2026<\/p>\n

Fotografia a fost realizat\u0103 de Eugen Gl\u0103van. Informa\u0163ii Exif:<\/span>
\nPlace: Bologna, Italy<\/span>
\nDate and time original image was generated: 2010:10:15 16:01:49<\/span>
\nCamera model: FUJIFILM FinePix S5100<\/span>
\nExposure time, sec: 1\/80<\/span>
\nAperture (F): 5,00<\/span>
\nISO speed rating: 100<\/span>
\nLens focal length, mm: 5,7<\/span>
\nScene capture type: Landscape<\/span>
\nSharpness: Normal<\/span>
\nSoftWare: Digital Camera FinePix S5100 Ver1.00<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dimensiunile migra\u0163iei interna\u0163ionale din perioada postdecembrist\u0103 reprezint\u0103 ceva nou pentru rom\u00e2ni. De obicei, popula\u0163ia se refugia \u00een nordul sau sudul<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[121,7,18],"tags":[117,116,114],"class_list":["post-148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-fotografie","category-urban","tag-bologna","tag-limba","tag-migratie"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sociologic.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/02\/bologna_affitare.jpg?fit=2272%2C1704&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9mlEp-2o","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sociologic.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}